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[207], The Safavid economy was to a large extent based on agriculture and taxation of agricultural products. The Safavid dynasty was founded about 1501 by Shh Ism'l I. Furthermore, the Safavids maintained a sizeable sphere of influence overseas, particularly in the Deccan region of India. 5.2: Safavid Empire - Humanities LibreTexts [83] Although the first slave soldiers would not be organized until the reign of Abbas I, during Tahmasp's reign, Caucasians already became important members of the royal household, Harem and in the civil and military administration,[86][87] and were on their way of becoming an integral part of society. (This book was written by Ferdousi in 1000 AD for Sultan Mahmood Ghaznawi) Another manuscript is the Khamsa by Nizami executed 15391543 by Aqa Mirak and his school in Isfahan. He enjoyed tremendous power and control over national affairs as he was the immediate deputy of the Shah. Ayatollah Khomeini's challenge to the Shah's Royal authority confirmed a deep religious tradition in Iranian society and history. According to Donald Struesand, "although the Safavid unification of the eastern and western halves of the Iranian plateau and imposition of Twelver Shii Islam on the region created a recognizable precursor of modern Iran, the Safavid polity itself was neither distinctively Iranian nor national. The conflicts between the Ottoman and Safavid empires, as well as their successor dynasty the Afshars, lasted from 1514 until 1747. Since the earliest days of the Safavid dynasty, the Qizilbash generals had been appointed to most of these posts. In September of that year, Tahmasp and Bayezid were enjoying a banquet at Tabriz when Tahmasp suddenly pretended he had received news that the Ottoman prince was engaged in a plot against his life. After the death of Haydar, the Safaviyya gathered around his son Ali Mirza Safavi, who was also pursued and subsequently killed by Ya'qub. [109] Abbas' own position seemed even more dependent on Qizilbash approval than Mohammad Khodabanda's was. The Portuguese Empire and the discovery of the trading route around the Cape of Good Hope in 1487 not only hit a death blow to Venice as a trading nation, but it also hurt the trade that was going on along the Silk Road and especially the Persian Gulf. Regarding the usage of Georgian, Circassian and Armenian at the Royal Court, David Blow states,[195]. Of these various movements, the Safavid Qizilbash was the most politically resilient, and due to its success Shah Ismail I gained political prominence in 1501. What was the basis of their military strength?, Discuss the religious and political issues that separated the Ottoman Turks and the Safavid Turks, two neighboring Islamic states, in the sixteenth century., By what steps did Shah Abbas achieve a strong and unified Safavid .