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2019;19(1):74. doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6424-y, Shovestul B, Han J, Germine L, Dodell-Feder D. Risk factors for loneliness: The high relative importance of age versus other factors. Research shows that there is a correlation between loneliness scores and mortality. Loneliness is a universal human emotion that is both complex and unique to each individual. It is also important to remember that being alone isn't the same as being lonely. PDF Loneliness among elderly women Wilson, R., Krueger, K., & Arnold, S.(2007). Freud's theories include: Unconscious mind: This is one of his most enduring ideas, which is that the mind is a reservoir of thoughts, memories, and emotions that lie outside the awareness of the conscious mind. Read our, 18 Things to Do on Your Birthday When You're Alone, The Impact of Social Isolation on Mental Health. (Cacioppo et al, 2014), Back in the late 1980s, House et al (Science, 1988) noted a strong causal impact of social relationships on health but acknowledged the possibility of reverse causality, namely whether a lack of social relationships causes people to become ill and die or whether those who are unhealthy less able to establish and maintain social relationships. The psychodynamic approach to loneliness was first described by Fromm-Reichmann (1959), who based loneliness on early childhood experiences arising from a separation between parent and child and a lack of physical contact and loving intimacy. Loneliness researcher John Cacioppo argues that just as you can start an exercise regimen to gain strength and improve your health, you can combat loneliness through small movesthat build emotional strength and resilience. These practices can help individuals learn to tolerate uncomfortable feelings and avoid turning to maladaptive coping behaviors. Ballard J. Millennials are the loneliest generation. This says that being connected with others is so necessary to survival, that human brains . The 11-item scale is scored based on statements that participants select. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0229087. Sociodemographic and health-related risks for loneliness and outcome differences by loneliness status in a sample of U.S. older adults. Significantly, Schiele died of the Spanish Flu in 1918. A new study sheds light on this contentious issue. There are three main components in this section: an outline of attachment theory, applying attachment theory to the three dimensions of loneliness, and the conclusion.